Scenarios

1. 1

   Focused history: burning with urination

   Characterize urinary symptoms, ask sensitively about genital symptoms and exposures, check for possible pregnancy, and identify symptoms needing urgent assessment.

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2. 2

   Focused history: sudden severe flank pain

   Request prompt help for severe flank pain, take a brief pain and urinary history, and screen for urgent complications and alternative causes.

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3. 3

   Focused history: weakness after vomiting and diarrhea

   Request prompt assessment, quantify fluid losses and retained intake, ask about urine output and kidney risks, and summarize the history clearly.

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4. 4

   Focused history: low urine output with confusion

   Clarify reduced urine output, urinary symptoms and other possible causes, adapt questions to confusion, and arrange immediate supervised assessment.

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5. 5

   Focused history: abnormal kidney blood test

   Review previous kidney results, urine changes, medicines, and relevant risks, then explain why the abnormal blood test needs further assessment.

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6. 6

   Focused history: progressive swelling

   Ask about swelling, urine changes, breathing, and relevant risks, compare possible causes, and respond to distress with a clear assessment plan.

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7. 7

   Consult: nephrology for worsening kidney function

   Present worsening kidney function, assess urgent complications, request advice on medicines, fluids and monitoring, and confirm responsibilities and follow-up.

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8. 8

   Shared decision-making: kidney failure treatment choices with Kaleo

   Explore the patient’s values and chosen supports, explain kidney failure treatment options and practical barriers, and agree on a supported next step.

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